Prostate treatment in men: what medications to take

Prostatitisis an inflammatory disease of the prostate.It manifests as frequent urination, pain in the penis, scrotum, rectum, sexual disorders (erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, etc.), sometimes urinary retention and blood in the urine.The diagnosis of prostatitis is established by a urologist or andrologist based on a typical clinical picture and the results of a rectal examination.In addition, ultrasound of the prostate and culture of prostate secretions and urine are performed.Treatment is conservative - antibacterial therapy, immunotherapy, prostate massage, lifestyle correction.

General information

Prostatitis is an inflammation of the seminal gland (prostate) - prostate.It is the most common disease of the genitourinary system in men.It most often affects patients aged between 25 and 50 years.According to various data, prostatitis affects 30-85% of men over 30 years old.Possible formation of an abscess in the prostate, inflammation of the testicles and appendages, which threatens infertility.Ascending infection leads to inflammation of the upper parts of the genitourinary system (cystitis, pyelonephritis).

Pathology develops with the penetration of an infectious agent that enters the prostate tissue from the organs of the genitourinary system (urethra, bladder) or from a remote inflammatory focus (pneumonia, flu, sore throat, furunculosis).

Causes of prostatitis

Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella and E. Coli can act as infectious agents in acute cases.Most microorganisms belong to the conditionally pathogenic flora and cause prostatitis only in the presence of other predisposing factors.Chronic inflammation is often due to polymicrobial associations.

The risk of developing the disease increases with hypothermia, a history of infections and specific conditions accompanied by congestion in the prostate tissue.The following predisposing factors are identified:

• General hypothermia (punctual or permanent, associated with working conditions).
• A sedentary lifestyle, a profession that requires a person to sit for a long time (computer operator, driver, etc.).
• Constant constipation.
• Disturbances in the normal rhythm of sexual activity (excessive sexual activity, prolonged abstinence, incomplete ejaculation during “habitual” sexual intercourse devoid of emotional connotations).
• Presence of chronic diseases (cholecystitis, bronchitis) or chronic infectious foci in the body (chronic osteomyelitis, untreated caries, tonsillitis, etc.).
• Past urological diseases (urethritis, cystitis, etc.) and sexually transmitted diseases (chlamydia, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea).
• Conditions that cause suppression of the immune system (chronic stress, irregular and inadequate diet, regular lack of sleep, overtraining in athletes).

A decisive role in the occurrence of prostatitis is played by congestion of prostate tissue.Violation of capillary blood flow causes increased lipid peroxidation, swelling, exudation of prostate tissue and creates conditions for the development of an infectious process.

Prostatitis symptoms

Acute prostatitis

There are three stages of acute prostatitis, which are characterized by the presence of a certain clinical picture and morphological changes:

• Acute catarrhal.Patients complain of frequent and often painful urination, pain in the sacrum and perineum.
• Acute follicular.The pain becomes more intense, sometimes radiating to the anus, and intensifies during bowel movement.Urination is difficult, urine comes out in a thin stream.In some cases, urinary retention is observed.Low fever or moderate hyperthermia are typical.
• Acute parenchyma.Severe general intoxication, hyperthermia up to 38-40°C, chills.Dysuric disorders, often acute urinary retention.Sharp, throbbing pain in the perineum.Difficulty defecating.

Chronic prostatitis

In rare cases, chronic prostatitis becomes the result of an acute process, however, as a rule, a mainly chronic course is observed.The temperature occasionally rises to subfebrile levels.The patient notes mild pain in the perineum, discomfort when urinating and defecating.The most characteristic symptom is scanty secretion from the urethra during defecation.The mostly chronic form of the disease develops over a significant period of time.It is preceded by prostatosis (stagnation of blood in the capillaries), which gradually turns into bacterial prostatitis.

Chronic prostatitis is often a complication of the inflammatory process caused by the causative agent of a specific infection (chlamydia, trichomonas, ureaplasma, gonococcus).Symptoms of a specific inflammatory process in many cases mask the manifestations of prostate damage.There may be a slight increase in pain when urinating, mild pain in the perineum, scanty secretion from the urethra during defecation.A small change in the clinical picture often goes unnoticed by the patient.

Chronic inflammation of the prostate can be manifested by a burning sensation in the urethra and perineum, dysuria, sexual dysfunction, and increased general fatigue.The consequence of potency disorders (or fear of these disorders) is often mental depression, anxiety and irritability.The clinical picture does not always include all listed groups of symptoms;It varies between different patients and changes over time.There are three main syndromes characteristic of chronic prostatitis: pain, dysuria, sexual disorders.

There are no pain receptors in prostate tissue.The cause of pain in chronic prostatitis is the almost inevitable involvement of nerve pathways in the inflammatory process due to the abundant innervation of the pelvic organs.Patients complain of pain of varying intensity - from light, painful sleep to intense, disturbing sleep.There is a change in the nature of the pain (increasing or weakening) during ejaculation, excessive sexual activity or sexual abstinence.The pain radiates to the scrotum, sacrum, perineum and sometimes the lower back.

As a result of inflammation in chronic prostatitis, the volume of the prostate increases, compressing the urethra.The lumen of the ureter decreases.The patient feels frequent urge to urinate and a sensation of incomplete emptying of the bladder.As a rule, dysuric phenomena are expressed in the initial stages.Compensatory hypertrophy of the muscular layer of the bladder and ureters then develops.Dysuria symptoms weaken during this period and then increase again as adaptation mechanisms decompensate.

In the early stages, dyspotence may occur, manifesting differently in different patients.Patients may complain of frequent nocturnal erections, loss of orgasm, or deterioration of erection.Accelerated ejaculation is associated with a decrease in the threshold level of excitement of the orgasmic center.Pain during ejaculation can cause refusal of sexual activity.Subsequently, sexual dysfunctions become more pronounced.At an advanced stage, impotence develops.

The degree of sexual disorder is determined by many factors, including the sexual constitution and psychological mood of the patient.Impaired potency and dysuria can be caused both by changes in the prostate and by the patient's suggestibility, who, if diagnosed with chronic prostatitis, expects the inevitable development of sexual and urinary disorders.Psychogenic dyspotency and dysuria develop especially in suggestible and anxious patients.

Impotence, and sometimes the very threat of possible sexual disorders, are difficult for patients to tolerate.There is often a change in character, irritability, bad mood, excessive concern about one's health and even “illness”.

Classification

In modern urology there is no uniform classification of the disease.However, practicing doctors prefer this option to classify the inflammatory process in the prostate:

According to the course of the disease:

• Acute prostatitis.It accounts for more than 50% of cases of the disease in people aged no more than 30-35 years.
• Chronic option.It is considered an ageless category.It does not manifest itself for a long time;the impetus for its development is a cold or infection.

For the reason that caused the pathology:

• Bacterial inflammation of the prostate predominates in men under 40 years of age, occurs against the background of ultrasound and does not extend beyond the limits of the organ.
• Non-bacterial pathological changes in the gland, predominantly chronic.
• Viral inflammation of the prostate is characterized by an acute course that affects the entire genital area.

According to the nature of structural changes in the prostate:

• Fibrous prostatitis is characterized by rapid irreversible growth of the gland and requires radical intervention.Clinically it resembles prostate adenoma.
• Calculus inflammation of the prostate occurs due to the formation of stones within the prostate.Considered a harbinger of cancer.
• Congestive prostatitis, the result of a sedentary lifestyle, is diagnosed in every second patient.

Signs of the disease

If a man discovers at least two of the following symptoms of prostatitis, he should immediately contact a qualified specialist:

• Urination disorder with the occurrence of a weak and intermittent stream of urine, abnormally short, causing splashing, difficulty and pain before urinating.The frequent need to empty the bladder occurs mainly at night.
• The pain, located in the lower abdomen, radiates to the scrotum, perineum and rectum.
• Sexual dysfunction.
• Problems with ejaculation, changes in sperm (consistency, quantity).

Complications

In the absence of timely treatment of acute prostatitis, there is a significant risk of developing a prostate abscess.When a purulent focus forms, the patient's body temperature rises to 39-40°C and may become agitated in nature.Periods of fever alternate with intense chills.Sharp pain in the perineum makes urination difficult and defecation impossible.

Increased prostate swelling leads to acute urinary retention.In rare cases, the abscess ruptures spontaneously in the urethra or rectum.When opened, purulent, cloudy urine with an unpleasant, pungent odor appears in the urethra;when opened, the stool contains pus and mucus in the rectum.

Chronic prostatitis is characterized by an undulating course with periods of long remissions, during which inflammation in the prostate is latent or manifests itself with extremely few symptoms.Patients who are not bothered by anything usually stop treatment and only resort if complications arise.

The spread of infection along the urinary tract causes pyelonephritis and cystitis.The most common complication of the chronic process is inflammation of the testicles and epididymis (epdidymis-orchitis) and inflammation of the seminal vesicles (vesiculitis).The result of these diseases is often infertility.

Diagnosis

The characteristic clinical picture simplifies the process of diagnosing acute and chronic prostatitis.It is mandatory:

Prostatitis treatment

Treatment of acute prostatitis

Patients with an uncomplicated acute process are treated on an outpatient basis by a urologist.In case of severe poisoning or suspicion of a purulent process, hospitalization is indicated.Antibacterial therapy is carried out.Medicines are selected taking into account the sensitivity of the infectious agent.Antibiotics are widely used that can penetrate well into the prostate tissue and act on it.

With the development of acute urinary retention due to prostatitis, they resort to installing a cystostomy instead of a urethral catheter, as there is a danger of the formation of a prostatic abscess.When an abscess develops, a transrectal or transurethral endoscopic opening of the abscess is performed.

Treatment of chronic prostatitis

Treatment of chronic prostatitis should be comprehensive, including etiotropic therapy, physiotherapy, immunity correction:

• Antibiotic therapy.The patient receives long courses of antibacterial medications (for 4-8 weeks).The selection of the type and dosage of antibacterial drugs, as well as the determination of the duration of treatment, is made individually.The drug is selected based on the sensitivity of microflora based on the results of culture of urine and prostate secretions.
• Prostate massage.Glandular massage has a complex effect on the affected organ.During massage, the inflammatory secretion accumulated in the prostate is squeezed into the ducts, then enters the urethra and is excreted from the body.The procedure improves blood circulation in the prostate, which minimizes congestion and ensures better penetration of antibacterials into the tissue of the affected organ.
• Physiotherapy.To improve blood circulation, laser exposure, ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves are used.If it is impossible to carry out physiotherapeutic procedures, the patient is prescribed hot medicinal microenemas.

In the case of chronic and long-lasting inflammation, consultation with an immunologist is recommended to choose immunocorrective therapy tactics.The patient receives recommendations for lifestyle changes.Making certain changes to the lifestyle of a patient with chronic prostatitis is a therapeutic and preventative measure.The patient is recommended to normalize sleep and wakefulness, adjust the diet and engage in moderate physical activity.

Treatment of acute prostatitis

Acute prostatitis requires bed rest, a special salt-free diet, and sexual rest.

Clear treatment methods:

• The most effective treatment for prostatitis is etiotropic therapy.If the basis of prostatitis is an infection, a series of antimicrobial agents are a priority, which alleviate the manifestations of inflammation.
• Pain syndrome is relieved with analgesics, antispasmodics, rectal suppositories, microenemas with warm analgesic solutions.NSAIDs can be used.
• Immunostimulants, immunomodulators, enzymes, vitamin complexes and a combination of microelements have proven their effectiveness.
• Physiotherapeutic methods are only possible in the subacute phase of the disease.Improve microcirculation and increase immunity: UHF, microwaves, electrophoresis, laser, magnetic therapy.
• Massage is another effective method of influencing the prostate.Opens the ducts, normalizes blood circulation in the scrotum and pelvis.
• Acute renal filtrate retention can be corrected by catheterization and cystostomy with a trocar.
• The purulent process involves surgical intervention.
• Consultations with a psychologist.

Treatment methods for prostatitis

Antibacterial therapy is most effective in treating prostatitis.Herbal medicines, immunocorrectors and hormonal medications can also be used as prescribed by a doctor.

In the absence of acute symptoms, prostatitis can be treated with physical therapy.In case of abscesses and suppurations, surgical intervention is recommended.

Drug treatment

The treatment of prostatitis through antibiotic therapy must begin with bacterial culture, the objective of which is to assess the organism's sensitivity to this type of antibiotic.If urination is impaired, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs gives a good result.

Medicines are taken in tablets, in acute cases - droppers or intramuscularly.Rectal suppositories are effective in treating chronic forms of prostatitis: with their help, medications reach their goals faster and have minimal effect on other organs.

Blood-thinning medications and anti-inflammatories have also proven to be effective.

Antibacterial therapy

Antibiotics are an effective remedy in the fight against bacterial prostatitis.To obtain the desired effect and not harm the body, the choice of medication, dosage and treatment regimen must be made by the doctor.To correctly select the most effective drugs, he will have to find out what kind of pathogen caused prostatitis, and also test the patient's tolerance to antibiotics of a particular group.

Antibiotics from the fluoroquinolone group have proven to be effective in the treatment of chronic prostatitis.Its action is aimed at suppressing bacterial infections and strengthening the body's own immunity.In addition, the bacteriostatic antibiotic trimethoprim is recommended for the prevention and treatment of concomitant diseases of the genitourinary system.

To treat prostatitis caused by mycoplasma and chlamydia, you can also take drugs from the group of macrolides and tetracyclines, which slow down the spread of the infection.

The duration of taking antibacterial drugs is 2-4 weeks.In case of positive dynamics, the course may be extended.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapeutic techniques in the treatment of prostatitis aim to activate blood circulation in the pelvic region, improve metabolic processes in the prostate and clean the ducts.If physiotherapy is combined with the use of antibiotics, their effect is enhanced.

The main methods include:

• magnetic therapy;
• laser therapy;
• electrophoresis;
• heating;
• ultrasound;
• mud therapy;
• high frequency irradiation;
• physiotherapy.

One of the oldest methods, transrectal prostate massage, according to modern research, has no proven effectiveness.

Non-specific treatments

Nonspecific methods of treating prostatitis include:

• hirudotherapy;
• therapeutic fasting;
• acupuncture;
• diet according to the Ostrovsky method;
• alkalization of the body using the Neumyvakin method.

We strongly recommend that you discuss all non-traditional methods of treating prostatitis with your doctor.

Surgical treatment

Surgical methods are used in complex and emergency cases:

• for drainage of purulent abscesses, which are removed by laparoscopic methods using a puncture;
• in case of difficulty urinating due to damage to the urinary tract;
• with a large volume of the affected area;
• with a significant number of stones in the body of the gland.

Stones and sclerotic tissue are removed by endoscopic methods.In the case of a large affected area or multiple stones, prostate resection is used.

Transurethral resection is also effective for bacterial prostatitis.This way, the risk of relapse can be reduced.

Folk remedies

Folk remedies for the treatment of prostatitis are unlikely to be effective on their own, but in combination with medications and physiotherapeutic methods they may be applicable.These include: beekeeping products, decoctions of herbs and seeds, tinctures of garlic, ginger, beaver stream, fresh vegetables, pumpkin seeds.

In acute cases of the disease, it is necessary to consult a doctor and in no case self-medicate!If a purulent abscess ruptures, death is possible.

Suppositories for prostatitis

When treating prostatitis, rectal suppositories are much more effective than tablets, especially because the rectum is much closer to the prostate, which means the medicine will act more quickly.

The composition of medicines for the treatment of prostatitis can be completely different;they are prescribed to solve a specific problem.

1. Antibacterial agents are especially effective for prostatitis caused by chlamydia.
2. Analgesics are used for symptomatic treatment;they relieve pain well.
3. Immunostimulants help improve blood circulation, relieve swelling and are used in complex therapies.
4. Herbal medicines have a moderate effect.They, like candles in beekeeping products, are used as a supplement to the main treatment.
5. Compositions based on ichthyol promote blood flow in the intestinal mucosa, which accelerates the mitigation of inflammatory processes and slightly improves immunity.
6. Enzyme-based products prevent the formation of scar tissue.It is recommended to take it as part of complex therapy with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics.

Auxiliary medicines

For the symptomatic treatment of prostatitis in men, for example by relieving pain when urinating, you can also take antispasmodics, which relax smooth muscles and thus quickly relieve pain.

General health is promoted by anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory dietary supplements based on bee products, pumpkin oil and palm fruit extracts.

Diet and lifestyle

For the treatment of prostatitis, an adequate and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle are very important.Food should not contain spicy, fried, salted or pickled foods.In acute cases, alcohol is strictly prohibited.

Food should contain enough fiber to prevent constipation.The protein content must be reduced.It is advisable to supplement the diet with herbs, ginger and pumpkin seeds.

Consequences of untreated prostatitis

Even if the symptoms of prostatitis have not appeared for a long time, regular examinations by a urologist are necessary.Incompletely cured prostatitis may be accompanied by the formation of calcifications, which will have to be removed along with the gland.Experts are confident that there are no other ways to remove or dissolve stones.

Furthermore, pathogenic microorganisms can migrate to neighboring organs, causing inflammation.Advanced prostatitis can cause the development of adenoma and prostate cancer.

Prognosis and prevention

Acute prostatitis is a disease that has a pronounced tendency to become chronic.Even with adequate and timely treatment, chronic prostatitis becomes the result in more than half of patients.Recovery is not always achieved, however, with correct and consistent therapy and following the doctor's recommendations, it is possible to eliminate unpleasant symptoms and achieve stable and long-term remission in a chronic process.

Prevention consists of eliminating risk factors.It is necessary to avoid hypothermia, alternate sedentary work with periods of physical activity and eat regularly and nutritiously.For constipation, laxatives should be used.One of the preventive measures is the normalization of sexual life, since both excessive sexual activity and sexual abstinence are risk factors in the development of prostatitis.If symptoms of a urological or sexually transmitted disease appear, you should consult a doctor immediately.